3: Earth as a System
- Page ID
- 22415
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Earth Systems Through Time

After reading this chapter, students should be able to:
- Identify the main “spheres” of the Earth.
- Discuss how the Earth’s spheres interact through flows of energy and materials.
- Identify ways that changes in one sphere can effect changes in other spheres and even lead to changes in dynamic equilibrium of the entire Earth system.
- Distinguish between amplifying and balancing feedbacks and provide an example or two of each.
- Discuss how remote sensing data is important in understand the complexity of the Earth system.
- Understand the importance of time scales for Earth systems research.
“To everything, there is a season.” – Ecclesiastes 3:1 and The Byrds


