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- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Introduction_to_Petrology_(Johnson_and_Liu)/02%3A_Using_the_Petrographic_Microscope/2.07%3A_Properties_Under_Cross_Polarized_LightIf you are unsure of the interference color, it can be helpful to look at the edges of the mineral grain, which may show interference color banding that can help narrow down the color. From this point...If you are unsure of the interference color, it can be helpful to look at the edges of the mineral grain, which may show interference color banding that can help narrow down the color. From this point, follow the diagonal line to the top of the chart to determine the birefringence value, and to see minerals with this birefringence.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Fundamentals_of_Geology_(Schulte)/12%3A_Geological_Implications/12.11%3A_Geologic_Materials_as_Energy_SourcesDESCRIBE GEOLOGIC MATERIALS AS CURRENT OR POTENTIAL ENERGY RESOURCES AND CATEGORIZE SOURCES AS RENEWABLE OR NONRENEWABLE The outcome for this section will be covered by several Open Educational Resour...DESCRIBE GEOLOGIC MATERIALS AS CURRENT OR POTENTIAL ENERGY RESOURCES AND CATEGORIZE SOURCES AS RENEWABLE OR NONRENEWABLE The outcome for this section will be covered by several Open Educational Resources. Review and reflect on each one as you prepare to complete the assessment for this module. Original content from Kimberly Schulte (Columbia Basin College) and supplemented by Lumen Learning. The content on this page is copyrighted under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Oceanography/Geophysical_Flows_(Omta)/zz%3A_Back_Matter
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Mineralogy_(Perkins_et_al.)/07%3A_Sedimentary_Minerals_and_Sedimentary_RocksWeathering involves the decomposition and breaking apart of rocks at Earth’s surface. Products of weathering may be transported and deposited to produce clastic or chemical sediments. Clastic material...Weathering involves the decomposition and breaking apart of rocks at Earth’s surface. Products of weathering may be transported and deposited to produce clastic or chemical sediments. Clastic material typically comprises quartz and clays; less commonly other minerals. We name clastic sedimentary rocks based primarily on clast size. We name chemical sedimentary rocks based primarily on composition.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Controversies_in_the_Earth_Sciences_(Richardson)/01%3A_Preinstructional_Activities/1.06%3A_What_is_Your_Earth_Science_BackgroundGo to Canvas and take the "Pre-instructional background quiz," which you can find in the Pre-instructional Activities module. The quiz is entirely self-contained in Canvas. When you submit your quiz, ...Go to Canvas and take the "Pre-instructional background quiz," which you can find in the Pre-instructional Activities module. The quiz is entirely self-contained in Canvas. When you submit your quiz, it will be shared with me. I just want to get a sense of your Earth science background, relevant to the lessons we'll cover in this course. You should get feedback right away, but don't worry if Canvas gives you a bad grade. Try to get it done by the due date listed on the first page of this lesson.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Controversies_in_the_Earth_Sciences_(Richardson)/05%3A_Why_did_it_take_so_long_to_convince/5.12%3A_Playing_with_a_Simple_Climate_ModelFor example, if, as in the default scenario, we cap CO 2 concentration at 450ppm by 2100, then the sea level rise plot shows the effect of that, but the emissions plot shows what we'd have to do to st...For example, if, as in the default scenario, we cap CO 2 concentration at 450ppm by 2100, then the sea level rise plot shows the effect of that, but the emissions plot shows what we'd have to do to stabilize at that concentration, and the temperature plot shows what the temperature rise relative to 1850 would be in that situation.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Mineralogy_(Perkins_et_al.)/02%3A_Mineral_Chemistry/2.02%3A_Elements_and_the_Periodic_Table/2.2.02%3A_Atomic_Number_and_MassZ is also equal to the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus in neutral (non-ionized) atoms, and is close to the number of electrons in most ions. Because the size of its electron cloud controls th...Z is also equal to the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus in neutral (non-ionized) atoms, and is close to the number of electrons in most ions. Because the size of its electron cloud controls the diameter of an atom, elements with greater atomic number, with many protons and thus many electrons, are larger than those or lower atomic number. Mass number, designated by the variable A, is equal to the number of protons and the number of neutrons combined: A = Z + N.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Mineralogy_(Perkins_et_al.)/14%3A_Mineral_Descriptions/14.01%3A_Silicate_Class/14.1.01%3A_Silicate_Class_-_Framework_SilicatesThe structure contains two types of holes for anions and anionic groups: one holds Na and Ca; the other Cl or CO 3 . CaAl substitutes for NaSi freely; SO 4 and F may substitute for Cl and CO 3 . The t...The structure contains two types of holes for anions and anionic groups: one holds Na and Ca; the other Cl or CO 3 . CaAl substitutes for NaSi freely; SO 4 and F may substitute for Cl and CO 3 . The two dominant scapolite end members are marialite, Na 4 (AlSi 3 O 8 ) 3 Cl, and meionite, Ca 4 (Al 2 Si 2 O 8 ) 3 (CO 3 ,SO 4 ).
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Mineralogy_(Perkins_et_al.)/11%3A_Crystallography/11.01%3A_Observations_in_the_Seventeenth_through_Nineteenth_Centuriesblank• The building block has shape and symmetry that relate to the shape and symmetry of the entire crystal. Wollaston and others concluded that when crystal shapes in such series are truly identical...blank• The building block has shape and symmetry that relate to the shape and symmetry of the entire crystal. Wollaston and others concluded that when crystal shapes in such series are truly identical, the distribution of atoms within the crystals must be identical as well, even if the compositions are not.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geography_(Physical)/Geographic_Information_Systems_and_Cartography/07%3A_Vector_Data_Analysis/7.02%3A_Single_Layer_AnalysisVariable width buffers, on the other hand, call on a premade buffer field within the attribute table to determine the buffer width for each specific feature in the dataset (Figure 7.2 “Additional Buff...Variable width buffers, on the other hand, call on a premade buffer field within the attribute table to determine the buffer width for each specific feature in the dataset (Figure 7.2 “Additional Buffer Options around Red Features: (a) Variable Width Buffers, (b) Multiple Ring Buffers, (c) Doughnut Buffer, (d) Setback Buffer, (e) Nondissolved Buffer, (f) Dissolved Buffer”).
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geography_(Physical)/Geographic_Information_Systems_and_Cartography/03%3A_Spatial_and_Nonspatial_Data/3.05%3A_References
