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8: Klamath and The Modoc Plateau
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Learning Objectives
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Identify the physical characteristics of the Klamath Mountains and Modoc Plateau provinces.
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Explore the cultural significance of the region, as well as the peoples who called this province their home over time.
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Explain the geology and formation of the volcanism historically and presently found within the Modoc Plateau.
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8.1: Introduction
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This unit explores the Klamath Mountain and Modoc Plateau provinces. The Klamath Mountains, spanning northwestern California and southwestern Oregon, are part of the Pacific Coast Ranges and feature diverse geology and climate fostering rich biodiversity. The Modoc Plateau, located in northeastern California, is characterized by volcanic tablelands with faults, lakes, and streams. Both regions boast unique geological and biological significance, supporting a range of flora and fauna.
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8.2: Klamath Mountains
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The Klamath Mountains, originally low and smooth, rose over time, resulting in deep canyons like the Klamath River canyon. The landscape shaped by uplift and erosion now features rugged mountains and valleys, with distinct ranges like the Salmon and Siskiyou Mountains. The region???s geology is a result of ancient island arcs and continental fragments, rich with gold-bearing gravels, leading to historical mining. Mount Shasta, a prominent volcano here, has a complex formation history.
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8.3: Modoc Plateau
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The Modoc Plateau, located in northeastern California, is characterized by a diverse geography and ecology, comprising the Modoc Plateau and Southern Cascades. This region, with elevations ranging from 3,000 to over 14,000 feet, is rich in wildlife and has unique aquatic communities. It features significant volcanic history, notably seen in Lava Beds National Monument, which contains numerous volcanic formations and the largest concentration of lava tubes in North America.
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8.4: Climatic Features
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The region's climate varies significantly; the coastal areas are extremely wet with mild temperatures, while inland areas experience less precipitation, warmer summers, and colder winters. Higher mountains present semi-arctic conditions. There is a notable vertical range for plants and trees, such as the madrone and Spanish bayonet, depending on slope exposure and conditions. Rainfall is lighter on the eastern edge of the district.