11.8.3: References
- Page ID
- 50285
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Figure 11-1 – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Point Lobos State Park just south of Monterey, California.
Figure 11-2a – Stanek, A., 2021: Scenic view of the Beaufort Sea, Alaska. USGS, https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/scenic-view-beaufort-sea-alaska.
Figure 11-2b – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Cliff and beach terrace, Olympic National Park, Washington.
Figure 11-2c – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Storm eroded coast with tree debris, Willapa Bay, Washington.
Figure 11-2d – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Rocky coast, San Diego, California.
Figure 11-2e – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Beach and cliffs, Point Magu, southern California.
Figure 11-2f – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Lava flows, South shore, Hawaii.
Figure 11-2g – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Island beach and cliffs, Polihale, Kauai, Hawaii.
Figure 11-2h – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Fringing coral reef, Guam.
Figure 11-2i – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Fjord, Turnagain Arm, Alaska.
Figure 11-3a – ShareBear, 2005: Fundy National Park, NB, Canada. Accessed 18 February 2026, https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:100_-_Fundy_National_Park.JPG.
Figure 11-3b – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Rocky beach with high wave energy York, Maine.
Figure 11-3c – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Sand dunes, Cape Cod, Massachusetts.
Figure 11-3d – Folsom, W., 2013: Looking from the dune line to the north at Delaware Seashore State Park. NOAA Digital collections, accessed 18 February 2026, https://www.noaa.gov/media/digital-collections-photo/line1093jpg.
Figure 11-3e – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Barrier island beach, Virginia Beach, Virginia.
Figure 11-3f – Folsom, W., 2013: A recreational fisherman cutting a swath through the waterways. NOAA Digital collections, accessed 18 February 2026, https://www.noaa.gov/media/digital-collections-photo/line1153jpg.
Figure 11-3g – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Barrier island beach, Galveston Island, Texas.
Figure 11-5 – Adapted from Moore, J. G., W. R. Normack, and R. T. Holcomb, 1994: Giant Hawaiian underwater landslides. Science, 264, 46-47 https://www.doi.org/10.1126/science.264.5155.46.
Figure 11-6a – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: The Franz Josef Glacier on the South Island of New Zealand.
Figure 11-6c – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Geirangerfjord, Norway where rising sea level has filled a glacial valley.
Figure 11-7a – Kurig, N., 2022: Southern Mississippi River watershed and the northern Gulf of Mexico. NASA PACE, accessed 18 February 2026, https://pace.oceansciences.org/ocean_color_more.htm?id=477.
Figure 11-7b – Adapted from Scott, R. C., 1996: Introduction to physical geography. West Publishing Company, 560 pp.
Figure 11-8a – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Coastlines of Palau.
Figure 11-8b – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Jagged rocks of an ironshore segment in Fiji.
Figure 11-9 – Base map from Google Earth 10.100.0.1, 2026: New Jersey coastline, 40°01'10.16"N 74°07'09.72"W. Accessed 18 February 2026, https://earth.google.com/web/.
Figure 11-10b – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Cliff and beach near Monterey, California.
Figure 11-11 – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Rocky coastline on the island of Palau.
Figure 11-12c – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Headland on the island of Molokai in Hawaii.
Figure 11-12d – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Sea stacks on the Big Sur coast south of Monterey, California.
Figure 11-14a – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Dunes separate the beach from a low marshy area, Aruba coast.
Figure 11-14b – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Dunes 10 m, Monterey Bay, California.
Figure 11-15a – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Two berms on a beach just south of San Francisco, California.
Figure 11-15b – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Berm on the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand.
Figure 11-15c – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Beach scarp on the California coast just south of San Francisco.
Figure 11-15d – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Another view of a beach scarp on the California coast just south of San Francisco..
Figure 11-16a – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Beach in New England is covered by large cobble-sized deposits.
Figure 11-16b – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Black sand on a beach on the south shore of the island of Hawaii.
Figure 11-18 – Base map from NCEI Bathymetric Data Viewer, 2026: Southern California coastline DEM color shaded relief, 32°52'21.96"N 117°16'49.70"W. NOAA, accessed 18 February 2026, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/maps/bathymetry/.
Figure 11-21b – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Homer Spit, Alaska.
Figure 11-21c – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: A baymouth bar at the mouth of Tillamook Bay, Oregon.
Figure 11-21d – Bledsoe, S. 1998: Aerial view of Assateague Island on the Atlantic Ocean in Maryland, USA. Army Corps of Engineers Digital Visual Library, accessed 8 July 2025, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Assateague_Island_aerial_view.jpg.
Figure 11-23a – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: The Galveston seawall with the beach eroded along much of its length and the shoreline more exposed.
Figure 11-23b – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: The beach just beyond the Galveston seawall has retreated substantially shoreward.
Figure 11-24b – Base map from Google Earth 10.100.0.1, 2026: Groins near Cape May, New Jersey, 38°55'40.00"N 74°55'18.79"W. Accessed 18 February 2026, https://earth.google.com/web/.
Figure 11-24c – Base map from Google Earth 10.100.0.1, 2026: Groins near Beach Haven, New Jersey, 39°33'09.41"N 74°14'27.84"W. Accessed 18 February 2026, https://earth.google.com/web/.
Figure 11-25b – Base map from Google Earth 10.100.0.1, 2026: Jetties in Three Mile Harbor, Long Island, NY, 41°02'06.43"N 72°11'18.96"W. Accessed 18 February 2026, https://earth.google.com/web/.
Figure 11-26b – Base map from Google Earth 10.100.0.1, 2026: Santa Barbara Harbor, CA, 34°24'16.64"N 119°41'18.61"W. Accessed 18 February 2026, https://earth.google.com/web/.
Figure 11-27b – Base map from Google Earth 10.100.0.1, 2026: Breakwater off Santa Monica pier, CA, 34°00'28.11"N 118°30'07.77"W. Accessed 18 February 2026, https://earth.google.com/web/.
Figure 11-27c – Base map from Google Earth 10.100.0.1, 2026: Series of breakwaters on the coast of Norfolk, VA, 36°56'57.30"N 76°14'24.76"W. Accessed 18 February 2026, https://earth.google.com/web/.