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- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geography_(Physical)/The_Environment_of_the_Earth's_Surface_(Southard)/02%3A_Introduction_and_Geology/2.09%3A_SoilsAlong with oxygen and water, soils are essential to human existence. Almost all of our food comes, directly or indirectly, from crops grown in the soil.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geography_(Physical)/The_Environment_of_the_Earth's_Surface_(Southard)/11%3A_Landscapes/11.01%3A_Introduction_to_LandscapesA course on the environment of the Earth’s surface would be seriously incomplete without a chapter on the Earth’s landscapes.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sedimentology/Introduction_to_Fluid_Motions_and_Sediment_Transport_(Southard)/04%3A_Flow_in_Channels/4.02%3A_Laminar_Flow_Down_an_Inclined_PlaneWe apply Newton’s second law to steady and uniform flow down an inclined plane; the strategy is to look at a block of the flow, bounded by imaginary planes normal to the bottom, with unit cross-stream...We apply Newton’s second law to steady and uniform flow down an inclined plane; the strategy is to look at a block of the flow, bounded by imaginary planes normal to the bottom, with unit cross-stream width and unit streamwise distance. Such a block of fluid is said to be a “free body”. Because the flow is assumed to be steady and uniform, all of the forces in the streamwise direction that are exerted upon the fluid within the free body at any given time must add up to be to zero.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sedimentology/Introduction_to_Fluid_Motions_and_Sediment_Transport_(Southard)/17%3A_Planar_StratificationPlanar stratification is just as common as cross-stratification, if not more so, but the literature on it is not nearly as large. In a sense, the title of this chapter is misleading: it concentrates o...Planar stratification is just as common as cross-stratification, if not more so, but the literature on it is not nearly as large. In a sense, the title of this chapter is misleading: it concentrates on the topic of planar lamination, not planar stratification in general.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sedimentology/Introduction_to_Fluid_Motions_and_Sediment_Transport_(Southard)/09%3A_Threshold_of_Movement/9.04%3A_Movement_ThresholdOne conceptually satisfying way of looking at the threshold of sediment movement is in terms of the relationship between two different probability frequency distributions: the distribution of instanta...One conceptually satisfying way of looking at the threshold of sediment movement is in terms of the relationship between two different probability frequency distributions: the distribution of instantaneous local τo needed to move the set of particles occupying some area of the bed surface, and the distribution of instantaneous local τo that acts on any small area of the bed, of about the size of the particles, through time (Figure \PageIndex1; after Grass 1970).
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sedimentology/Introduction_to_Fluid_Motions_and_Sediment_Transport_(Southard)/17%3A_Planar_Stratification/17.02%3A_The_Origin_of_Planar_Lamination_in_Sands_and_SandstonesLater, on the basis of similar flume studies made at about the same time, Bridge and Best (1988) and Paola et al. (1989) (see also Best and Bridge, 1992, and Bridge and Best, 1997) developed a satisfy...Later, on the basis of similar flume studies made at about the same time, Bridge and Best (1988) and Paola et al. (1989) (see also Best and Bridge, 1992, and Bridge and Best, 1997) developed a satisfying model in which the laminae are accounted for by downstream movement of very low-amplitude bed forms under upper-regime plane bed conditions, with the internal features of the laminae accounted for by the nature of the turbulence felt by the bed.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sedimentology/Introduction_to_Fluid_Motions_and_Sediment_Transport_(Southard)/14%3A_Mixed-Size_Sediments/14.05%3A_Deviations_from_the_Condition_of_Equal_MobilityYou have seen, from discussion of the various data sets presented in the preceding sections, that although the thresholds and transport rates of mixed-size sediments show a much closer approach to the...You have seen, from discussion of the various data sets presented in the preceding sections, that although the thresholds and transport rates of mixed-size sediments show a much closer approach to the condition of equal mobility than to the condition of gradation independence, there remains a deviation from the condition of equal mobility such that in general the coarser fractions are somewhat more difficult to entrain and transport than the finer fractions; in other words, the combined effects…
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sedimentology/Introduction_to_Fluid_Motions_and_Sediment_Transport_(Southard)/09%3A_Threshold_of_Movement/9.02%3A_Forces_on_Bed_ParticlesSome should come to mind readily: the diameter D of the particle (which determines the surface area of the particle, and also how far up into the flow the particle projects), the fluid viscosity \...Some should come to mind readily: the diameter D of the particle (which determines the surface area of the particle, and also how far up into the flow the particle projects), the fluid viscosity μ (viscous stresses are important); the fluid density ρ (fluid is accelerating in the vicinity of the particle); the boundary shear stress τo (that is the variable that best characterizes the strength of the flow around the particle); and the geometry of the particle it…
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sedimentology/Introduction_to_Fluid_Motions_and_Sediment_Transport_(Southard)/04%3A_Flow_in_ChannelsThis chapter focuses on two of the most important aspects of channel flow: boundary resistance to flow, and the velocity structure of the flow. The discussion is built around two reference cases: stea...This chapter focuses on two of the most important aspects of channel flow: boundary resistance to flow, and the velocity structure of the flow. The discussion is built around two reference cases: steady uniform flow in a circular pipe, and steady uniform flow down an inclined plane. Flow in a circular pipe is clearly of great practical and engineering importance, and it is given lots of space in fluid-dynamics textbooks.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sedimentology/Introduction_to_Fluid_Motions_and_Sediment_Transport_(Southard)/01%3A_Introduction
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sedimentology/Introduction_to_Fluid_Motions_and_Sediment_Transport_(Southard)/15%3A_Deposition/15.01%3A_IntroductionThe topic of deposition is an important one, because, obviously, every sedimentary sequence was deposited somehow. This section is meant to serve as background for our consideration of the current-gen...The topic of deposition is an important one, because, obviously, every sedimentary sequence was deposited somehow. This section is meant to serve as background for our consideration of the current-generated physical sedimentary structures in real sedimentary deposits.
