6.11.3: References
- Page ID
- 47043
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Figure 6-1a – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Green Sand Beach, Hawai’i.
Figure 6-1b – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Sand grains of Green Sand Beach.
Figure 6-2 – Adapted from Gross, M. G. and E. Gross, 1996, Oceanography, a view of earth, 7th Edition, Prentice Hall, 462 pp.
Figure 6-3 – Adapted from Milliman, J. D., and R. H. Meade, 1983: World-wide delivery of river sediment to the oceans. J. Geol., 91, 1–21, https://doi.org/10.1086/628741.
– Updated data from Milliman, J. D., and J. P. M. Syvitski, 1992: Geomorphic/Tectonic control of sediment discharge to the ocean: The importance of small mountainous rivers. J. Geol., 100, 525–544, http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/629606.
Figure 6-4 – Wing-Chi Poon, 2006: Cavell Glacier with Crevices and Annual Rings. Accessed 26 June 2025, https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cavell_Glacier_with_Crevices_and_Annual_Rings.jpg, CC BY-SA 2.5.
Figure 6-5 – Allen, J., 2004: Dust over Canary Islands. NASA Earth Observatory Team, accessed 26 June 2025, https://www.earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/13758/dust-over-the-canary-islands.
Figure 6-6 – Taylor, G. T., 1983: Assorted diatoms living between crystals of annual sea ice in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. NSF Polar Programs, accessed 26 Jun 2025, https://www.noaa.gov/media/digital-collections-photo/corp2365jpg.
Figure 6-7 – Young, J. R., 2000: Coccolithus pelagicus PM NF 4864 209-73. London Natural History Museum, accessed 26 June 2025, https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/25a88549-43b8-4f4a-9981-bd90a50d6f61, CC0-1.0.
Figure 6-7b – Pkuczynski, 2005: White Cliffs of Dover, England. Accessed 26 June 2025, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:White_Cliffs_of_Dover_2_(Piotr_Kuczynski).jpg, 4.0 International, 3.0 Unported, 2.5 Generic, 2.0 Generic, 1.0 Generic.
Figure 6-8a – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Pelagic foraminifera.
Figure 6-8b – Hopcroft, R. 2002: A pelagic pteropod collected during one of the net tows. NOAA Arctic Exploration 2002, accessed 26 June 2025, https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/02arctic/logs/mis_sum_pelagic/media/limacina.htm.
Figure 6-9 – Garcia, L. F., 2007: Radiolaria varios. Accessed 26 June 2025, https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Radiolaria_varios.jpg, CC BY-SA 2.5 ES.
Figure 6-10 – Adapted from Berger, W. H., 1975: Dissolution of deep-sea carbonates: an introduction. Dissolution of Deep-Sea Carbonates, W. V. Sliter, A. W. H. Bé and W. H. Berger, Eds. Cushman Found. Foram. Res., Spec. Publ., 13: 7–10.
Figure 6-11 – Adapted from Thurman, H.V., 1994: Introductory Oceanography, 7 Edition. Macmillan Publishing Company, 276 pp.
Figure 6-12a – USGS, 2000: Manganese nodules. Accessed 26 June 2025, https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-006/images/nod_r.gif, Public Domain.
Figure 6-12b – Beao, 2010: Replaced coin with ruler. USGS, accessed 26 June 2025, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ManganeseOreUSGOV.jpg, Public Domain.
Figure 6-12c – Adapted from D.S. Cronan, 1977: Chapter 2 Deep-Sea Nodules: Distribution and Geochemistry. Marine Manganese Deposits, G.P. Glasby, Ed., Elsevier Science Publishing, 11–44, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0422-9894(08)71016-X.
Figure 6-13 – Adapted from Biscaye, P. E., V. Kolla, and K. K. Turekian, 1976: Distribution of calcium carbonate in surface sediments of the Atlantic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 81, 2595–2603, https://doi.org/10.1029/jc081i015p02595.
Figure 6-15 – Adapted from Heezen, B. C., and W. M. Ewing, 1952, Turbidity currents and submarine slumps, and the 1929 Grand Banks [Newfoundland] Earthquake. Amer. J. Sci., 205, 949–973, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.250.12.849.
Figure 6-17 – Adapted from Kennet, J. P., 1982: Marine Geology, Prentice Hall Inc., 813 pp.
Figure 6-18e – Adapted from Emery, K. O., 1969: The continental shelves. Sci. Amer., 221, 106–22, http://www.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0969-106.
Figure 6-19a – Adapted from Davies, T. A., and D. S. Gorsline, 1976: Oceanic sediments and sedimentary processes. Chemical oceanography Vol. 5, J. P. Riley and R. Chester, Eds.), 1–80.
Figure 6-19b – Adapted from Heezen, B. C., and C. D. Hollister, 1971: The Face of the Deep. Oxford University Press, 672 pp.
Figure 6-20 – With permission from Crawford, W, 2001: Studying sediment cores. IODP/TAMU.