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- https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/SUNY_Potsdam/Sedimentary_Geology%3A_Rocks_Environments_and_Stratigraphy/03%3A_Describing_Sediment_and_Sedimentary_Rocks/3.01%3A_Grain_SizeThe size of the particles that make up clastic sediment and sedimentary rocks is an important characteristic. The size of the particles can be measured in a variety of ways and those measurements are...The size of the particles that make up clastic sediment and sedimentary rocks is an important characteristic. The size of the particles can be measured in a variety of ways and those measurements are the basis for descriptive terms. Sorting describes the uniformity of grain size in a specimen.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/SUNY_Potsdam/Sedimentary_Geology%3A_Rocks_Environments_and_Stratigraphy/05%3A_Siliciclastic_Sedimentary_Rocks/5.02%3A_Conglomerates_and_BrecciasConglomerates and breccias are made mostly of gravel-sized clasts (>2 mm). Conglomerates are made of rounded clasts and breccias are made of angular clasts. They are classified primarily on clast sh...Conglomerates and breccias are made mostly of gravel-sized clasts (>2 mm). Conglomerates are made of rounded clasts and breccias are made of angular clasts. They are classified primarily on clast shape, composition and origin. The support mechanism of the clasts and the orientation of clasts can provide important clues about depositional processes.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/SUNY_Potsdam/Sedimentary_Geology%3A_Rocks_Environments_and_Stratigraphy/10%3A_Depositional_Environments/10.05%3A_Carbonate_EnvironmentsCarbonate environments are most common in areas with warm, shallow marine water that is far removed from sources of clastic sediment. Distinctive carbonate facies can be used to recognize a spectrum ...Carbonate environments are most common in areas with warm, shallow marine water that is far removed from sources of clastic sediment. Distinctive carbonate facies can be used to recognize a spectrum of environments that include peritidal areas, lagoons, shoals, reefs, ramps, slopes, and deep marine settings.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/SUNY_Potsdam/Sedimentary_Geology%3A_Rocks_Environments_and_Stratigraphy/10%3A_Depositional_Environments/10.01%3A_Alluvial_SystemsAlluvial fans form where river systems spill from confined channels into open, unconfined areas; they are composed of a mixture of debris flow deposits and stream flow deposits. Fluvial channel bodie...Alluvial fans form where river systems spill from confined channels into open, unconfined areas; they are composed of a mixture of debris flow deposits and stream flow deposits. Fluvial channel bodies are typically composed of sand and gravel and have erosional bases. Floodplain deposits are finer grained and show evidence of terrestrial deposition and/or subaerial exposure. Avulsion and aggradation rates influence the architecture of fluvial and floodplain deposits.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/SUNY_Potsdam/Sedimentary_Geology%3A_Rocks_Environments_and_Stratigraphy/01%3A_IntroductionSedimentary rocks are extremely abundant, provide important archives of Earth's history, and are of profound economic and environmental significance.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/SUNY_Potsdam/Sedimentary_Geology%3A_Rocks_Environments_and_Stratigraphy/05%3A_Siliciclastic_Sedimentary_Rocks/5.04%3A_Diamictites_Pebbly_Sandstones_and_Outsized_ClastsDiamictites are mixtures of gravel, sand, and mud. They cannot be explained through traditional hydrodynamic explanations and can form only as the result of debris flows, glacial deposits, or bioturb...Diamictites are mixtures of gravel, sand, and mud. They cannot be explained through traditional hydrodynamic explanations and can form only as the result of debris flows, glacial deposits, or bioturbation. Many pebbly sandstones are simply poorly sorted. However, sandstones and mudrocks with outsized clasts record rafting or volcanic bombs.
