5.11: Student Responses
- Page ID
- 5522
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)1. What type of stream drainage pattern is present on this map? This may be easier to determine by examining the tributaries to the main stream.
a. dendritic b. trellis c. radial d. rectangular
2. Based on the drainage pattern type, does the bedrock underlying this area consist of rocks uniformly resistant to erosion or rocks alternating between resistant and non-resistant layers?
a. uniformly resistant bedrock b. alternately resistant and non-resistant bedrock
3. Are the rocks likely tilted and folded or horizontal?
a. tilted and folded b. horizontal
4. Are streams in this area downcutting or laterally eroding?
a. downcutting b. laterally eroding
5. In which stage of the cycle of stream erosion is this area?
a. old age b. mature c. youthful
6. Calculate the stream gradient of Grape Creek in ft/mile. Use the index contour just above the “m” in Temple Canyon for your initial spot. Measure the gradient to the index contour past the word Creek (the last contour before it reaches Arkansas River). The distance between these areas is ~1.6 miles (measured along the curving distance of the non-magnified stream). What is the gradient?
a. 15’/mile b. 100’/mile c. 125’/mile d. 200’/mile
7. Observe the stream on the Omaha N, Nebraska-Iowa quadrangle. In which stage of the cycle of stream erosion is this area?
a. old age b. mature c. youthful
8. Compare the contour intervals from the Royal Gorge, Colorado map (map 5.1) to the Omaha N, Nebraska-Iowa map. Would you expect the gradient of the Missouri River in Nebraska to be greater or less than the gradient that you calculated for the Grape River in Colorado?
a. less than the Grape River gradient b. greater than the Grape River gradient
9. Locate the state boundary between Nebraska and Iowa along the Missouri River. Why does the boundary depart from the river channel?
a. When the boundary was created, Iowans wanted the Carter Lake area in their state.
b. The boundary follows the course of the river at the time that it was drawn; the river has since moved.
c. None of the above
10. What is the term for the geologic feature called Carter Lake?
a. entrenched meander b. oxbow lake c. cutbank d. point bar
11. Was Carter Lake cut off before or after the state boundary between Nebraska and Iowa was drawn?
a. before b. after
12. On which date did a flood event have a recurrence interval of 0.5?
a. 2/27/2013 b. 10/13/2009 c. 3/10/2011 d. 4/20/2015
13. Of the following dated flood events, which one would you expect to happen more often?
a. 8/27/2008 b. 2/24/2013 c. 2/6/2010 d. 12/23/2013
14. Observe your best fit line. What approximate discharge would be associated with a 50-year recurrence interval?
a. 2,000 cfs b. 4,750 cfs c. 8,500 cfs d. 14,000 cfs
15. Flood stage, or bankfull stage, on Sweetwater Creek occurs at a discharge of ~4,500 cfs. According to your best fit line, what is the recurrence interval of such a discharge?
a. 0.5 years b. 3 years c. 25 years d. 50 years
16. During the flood event of 9/23/2009, the discharge measured at this gaging station was 21,200 cfs. Note where this would plot on your graph. Would the recurrence interval for this flood plot at:
a. 100 years b. 300 years c. 700 years d. longer than 1,000 years
17. Is it possible that a flood with a similar discharge to that of the event from 9/23/2009 could happen again in the next 20 years?
a. Yes b. No
18. Which gas station is the most likely source of the gasoline leak?
a. Station A b. Station B c. Station C
19. Is the school likely to be at risk of contamination from this same leak?
a. Yes b. No
20. Is the church likely to be at risk of contamination from this same leak?
a. Yes b. No
21. Locate Little Sinking Creek in the southern portion of the map, north of Hwy. 68 and south of the Edmonson County Line. In which direction does it flow?
a. South b. North c. Southeast d. Northwest
22. Follow the creek along its path. Where does it wind up?
a. Along Hwy. 68 b. It disappears underground.
23. Find Sloans Crossing. It is south of Mammoth Cave. What is the benchmark elevation at Sloans Crossing?
a. 600’ b. 630’ c. 800’ d. 834’
24. Now, look farther south of Sloans Crossing at Hwy. 31W. Look closely at the topography south of the highway as it changes abruptly. What feature(s) can you observe south of Hwy. 31?
a. Sinkholes b. Disappearing streams c. Generally lower land surface elevations d. All of the above
25. Keeping the abrupt topography change in mind, which of the following is true? a. In the northern portion of the map, the area is underlain by limestone b. In the southern portion of the map, the area is underlain by limestone 26. Locate the Louisville and Nashville Railroad line just south of Hwy. 31. Would this be an easy location to maintain a railroad?
a. Yes b. No