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- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Meteorology_and_Climate_Science/Introduction_to_Climate_Science_(Schmittner_2021)/01%3A_Chapters/1.10%3A_EthicsTo the surprise and frustration of the scientists, all nations are not taking immediate action to slow climate change, and people are largely silent, even acquiescent, in the face of real threats to t...To the surprise and frustration of the scientists, all nations are not taking immediate action to slow climate change, and people are largely silent, even acquiescent, in the face of real threats to their futures and the futures of all beings that evolved under this – not another, hotter, more volatile and violent – climate.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Meteorology_and_Climate_Science/Introduction_to_Climate_Science_(Schmittner_2021)This book describes how Earth's climate is changing, how it has been changing in the recent geological past and how it may change in the future. It covers the physical sciences that build the foundati...This book describes how Earth's climate is changing, how it has been changing in the recent geological past and how it may change in the future. It covers the physical sciences that build the foundations of our current understanding of global climate change such as radiation, Earth's energy balance, the greenhouse effect and the carbon cycle. Both natural and human causes for climate change are discussed. Impacts of climate change on natural and human systems are summarized.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Meteorology_and_Climate_Science/Introduction_to_Climate_Science_(Schmittner_2021)/01%3A_Chapters/1.07%3A_ModelsClimate models are tools used in climate research. They are attempts to synthesize our theoretical and empirical knowledge of the climate system in a computer code. This chapter describes how climate ...Climate models are tools used in climate research. They are attempts to synthesize our theoretical and empirical knowledge of the climate system in a computer code. This chapter describes how climate models are constructed, and how they are evaluated, and it discusses some applications.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Meteorology_and_Climate_Science/Introduction_to_Climate_Science_(Schmittner_2021)/zz%3A_Back_Matter/10%3A_Index
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Meteorology_and_Climate_Science/Introduction_to_Climate_Science_(Schmittner_2021)/zz%3A_Back_Matter/20%3A_GlossaryThe Stefan-Boltzmann law states that the total energy flux from a blackbody is proportional to the fourth power of its temperature Fblackbody = σT4, where σ =5.67×10-8W/(m2K4) is the Stefan-Boltzmann ...The Stefan-Boltzmann law states that the total energy flux from a blackbody is proportional to the fourth power of its temperature Fblackbody = σT4, where σ =5.67×10-8W/(m2K4) is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant and T is the temperature in Kelvin. The rate of evaporation from the ocean depends on sea surface temperature (the warmer the more evaporation), the relative humidity of the air (the drier the air the more evaporation), and the wind velocity (the more wind the more evaporation).
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geography_(Physical)/BioGeoChemistry_(LibreTexts)/03%3A_The_Atmosphere/3.10%3A_ImpactsClimate change impacts not only physical but also biological and human systems. Possible impacts of future climate change are important considerations for current decision making, but they are associa...Climate change impacts not only physical but also biological and human systems. Possible impacts of future climate change are important considerations for current decision making, but they are associated with uncertainties. In this chapter we will discuss future projections with climate models, the main sources of uncertainty for those projections, and some global scale impacts.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Meteorology_and_Climate_Science/Introduction_to_Climate_Science_(Schmittner_2021)/01%3A_Chapters/1.11%3A_SolutionsClimate change is a difficult problem to solve because our modern society was build with fossil fuel burning as an energy source. We still depend strongly on fossil fuel energy for everything from dri...Climate change is a difficult problem to solve because our modern society was build with fossil fuel burning as an energy source. We still depend strongly on fossil fuel energy for everything from driving our cars and washing our laundry to charging our cell phones and heating our homes. In order to stabilize climate, however, we’ll need to move to near-zero carbon emissions in the long run. Thus, the challenge is to decarbonize our economy.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Meteorology_and_Climate_Science/Introduction_to_Climate_Science_(Schmittner_2021)/01%3A_Chapters/1.08%3A_ImpactsClimate change impacts not only physical but also biological and human systems. Possible impacts of future climate change are important considerations for current decision making, but they are associa...Climate change impacts not only physical but also biological and human systems. Possible impacts of future climate change are important considerations for current decision making, but they are associated with uncertainties. In this chapter we will discuss future projections with climate models, the main sources of uncertainty for those projections, and some global scale impacts.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Meteorology_and_Climate_Science/Introduction_to_Climate_Science_(Schmittner_2021)/01%3A_Chapters
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geography_(Physical)/BioGeoChemistry_(LibreTexts)/03%3A_The_Atmosphere/3.09%3A_ModelsClimate models are tools used in climate research. They are attempts to synthesize our theoretical and empirical knowledge of the climate system in a computer code. This chapter describes how climate ...Climate models are tools used in climate research. They are attempts to synthesize our theoretical and empirical knowledge of the climate system in a computer code. This chapter describes how climate models are constructed, and how they are evaluated, and it discusses some applications.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Meteorology_and_Climate_Science/Introduction_to_Climate_Science_(Schmittner_2021)/01%3A_Chapters/1.01%3A_WeatherWeather and climate are related but they differ in the time scales of changes and their predictability. Weather is the instantaneous state of the atmosphere around us. Temperature, precipitation, hu...Weather and climate are related but they differ in the time scales of changes and their predictability. Weather is the instantaneous state of the atmosphere around us. Temperature, precipitation, humidity, air pressure, cloudiness, radiation, wind, and visibility vary from day to day and over weeks and months. Weather predictability is limited to days. Climate is the statistics of weather over a longer period. It can be thought of as the average weather that varies slowly over periods of mont
