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- https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/Kansas_State_University/Physical_Geography%3A_our_Beautiful_World/09%3A_Earth_Materials_and_Structure/9.05%3A_Rocks/9.5.02%3A_Igneous_RocksIgneous rocks form by the cooling of magma (molten rock material beneath the surface) or lava (molten rock material extruded onto the surface). Because the molten material is less dense than the surro...Igneous rocks form by the cooling of magma (molten rock material beneath the surface) or lava (molten rock material extruded onto the surface). Because the molten material is less dense than the surrounding solidified rock, it works its way toward the surface where it flows out onto the surface as lava. If the magma solidifies as a pocket of igneous rock that warps the overlying rock it will form a dome.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Sandboxes/ajones124_at_sierracollege.edu/Geology_of_California_(DRAFT)/11%3A_Coast_Ranges/11.04%3A_The_Franciscan_ComplexThis page discusses the Franciscan Complex, a key geological formation in western California, known for its diverse rock types formed through extensive metamorphism and tectonic activity linked to the...This page discusses the Franciscan Complex, a key geological formation in western California, known for its diverse rock types formed through extensive metamorphism and tectonic activity linked to the breakup of Pangaea. Additionally, it references several scholarly works on geology and physics, including a 1982 bulletin, a 2014 book by David L. Goodstein, a 2018 study by Mulcahy et al., and a 2015 paper by Wakabayashi, providing citations for further exploration of the subject.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Sandboxes/ajones124_at_sierracollege.edu/Geology_of_California_(DRAFT)/02%3A_Minerals_and_Rocks/2.07%3A_Chapter_SummaryThe page provides an overview of minerals and their properties, including their chemical compositions and types of bonding, as well as a description of the rock cycle and its three main types: igneous...The page provides an overview of minerals and their properties, including their chemical compositions and types of bonding, as well as a description of the rock cycle and its three main types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It also details the formation and identification of igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, and mentions the presence of geological maps, with an emphasis on California's geological features.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Sandboxes/ajones124_at_sierracollege.edu/Geology_of_California_(DRAFT)/06%3A_A_Brief_Geologic_History_of_California/6.06%3A_Chapter_SummaryA summary of A Brief Geologic History of California.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Geology_(Lumen)/03%3A_Rocks_and_the_Rock_CycleLearning Objectives Identify processes of the rock cycle and the different rock types associated with each step. Identify igneous rocks and the steps of the rock cycle related to their formation. Iden...Learning Objectives Identify processes of the rock cycle and the different rock types associated with each step. Identify igneous rocks and the steps of the rock cycle related to their formation. Identify sedimentary rocks and the steps of the rock cycle related to their formation. Identify metamorphic rocks and the steps of the rock cycle related to their formation.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Sandboxes/ajones124_at_sierracollege.edu/Geology_of_California_(DRAFT)/02%3A_Minerals_and_Rocks/2.08%3A_Detailed_Figure_DescriptionsDescriptions of complex images within this chapter, as well as additional guidance for users who may have difficulty perceiving images.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/Lumen_Learning/Earth_Science_(Lumen)/03%3A_Rocks
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/Lumen_Learning/Earth_Science_(Lumen)/03%3A_Rocks/3.01%3A_Igneous_RocksThis page discusses igneous rocks, detailing their formation from molten material, classification as intrusive or extrusive, and mineral composition. It highlights types such as felsic, mafic, and ult...This page discusses igneous rocks, detailing their formation from molten material, classification as intrusive or extrusive, and mineral composition. It highlights types such as felsic, mafic, and ultramafic, and notes their common uses in construction, tools, and art. The lesson also emphasizes the distinctions in crystal size and composition among different igneous rocks.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/Lumen_Learning/Earth_Science_(Lumen)/05%3A_Volcanoes/5.03%3A_Volcanic_Landforms_and_Geothermal_ActivityThis page explains the formation of igneous rocks from molten magma, highlighting the distinction between intrusive and extrusive varieties. It discusses volcanoes as major landforms shaped by extrusi...This page explains the formation of igneous rocks from molten magma, highlighting the distinction between intrusive and extrusive varieties. It discusses volcanoes as major landforms shaped by extrusive lava, and notes that magma can create intrusions when solidified underground. The page also covers geothermal features like hot springs and geysers, providing examples such as the Columbia Plateau and Old Faithful.
- https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geography_(Physical)/The_Physical_Environment_(Ritter)/14%3A_Earth_Materials_and_Structure/14.05%3A_Rocks/14.5.02%3A_Igneous_RocksIgneous rocks form by the cooling of magma (molten rock material beneath the surface) or lava (molten rock material extruded onto the surface). Because the molten material is less dense than the surro...Igneous rocks form by the cooling of magma (molten rock material beneath the surface) or lava (molten rock material extruded onto the surface). Because the molten material is less dense than the surrounding solidified rock, it works its way toward the surface where it flows out onto the surface as lava. If the magma solidifies as a pocket of igneous rock that warps the overlying rock it will form a dome or laccolith.
