This page discusses Earth's 4.5 billion-year history through the geologic time scale, which categorizes significant events and organisms into eons, eras, and periods based on fossil evidence. Historic...This page discusses Earth's 4.5 billion-year history through the geologic time scale, which categorizes significant events and organisms into eons, eras, and periods based on fossil evidence. Historical geologists initially used relative dating for rock layer organization but later applied absolute dating techniques, like radioactivity, for precise dating.