2.5.3: References

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Figure 2-1 – Cantillo, A. 1997: The dawn of ocean sciences. Oil on canvas. With permission D. Segar and E. Stamman Segar. Private collection.

Figure 2-2 – Adapted from Bibi Saint-Pol, 2006: The world according to Herodotus. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Herodotus_world_map-en.svg, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Figure 2-3 – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: A typical Polynesian outrigger canoe.

Figure 2-4 – HongKongHuey, 2009: Princess Taiping sails with the Hokule'a in Hawaii. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://www.flickr.com/photos/46437992@N05/4267626397, CC BY 2.0.

Figure 2-5 – Roberts, Henry, 1789: A general chart exhibiting the discoveries made by Captn. James Cook in this and his two preceeding voyages, with the tracks of the ships under his command. The National Library of Australia Trove, accessed 6 June 2025, https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-230604992/view.

Figure 2-6 – Franklin, B., 1770: Map of the Gulf Stream by Benjamin Franklin. NOAA Photo Library, accessed 6 June 2025, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gulf_stream_map.gif, Public Domain.

Figure 2-7 – Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.: Charles Darwin: HMS Beagle voyage. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Beagle-ship#/media/1/57161/210201.

Figure 2-8a – Mitchell, W. F., 1880: HMS Challenger. Lithograph, tinted. National Maritime Museum, accessed 6 June 2025, https://www.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/rmgc-object-110366?_gl=1*dbcrto*_up*MQ..*_ga*Mzk4MDUxMjU3LjE3NDk0Nzc0MTY.*_ga_7JJ3J5DBF6*czE3NDk0Nzc0MTUkbzEkZzAkdDE3NDk0Nzc0MTUkajYwJGwwJGgw*_ga_4MH5VEZTEK*czE3NDk0Nzc0MTUkbzEkZzAkdDE3NDk0Nzc0MTUkajYwJGwwJGgw.

Figure 2-8b – Adapted from Wild, John James, 1877: Plate 2: Contour chart of the bottom of the ocean. Thalassa; an essay on the depth, temperature, and currents of the ocean. London, M. Ward & Co., Smithsonian Libraries, Internet Archive, accessed 6 June 2025, https://archive.org/details/thalassaessayond00wil/page/n26/mode/1up?view=theater.

Figure 2-9 – Adapted from Marine Regions, 2025: Maritime boundaries. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://www.marineregions.org/eezmapper.php.

Figure 2-10 – Adapted from Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative, 2025: Maritime Claims of the Indo-Pacific. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://amti.csis.org/maritime-claims-map/.

Figure 2-11a – Data from Takasuka, A., Y. Oozeki, H. Kubota, and S. Lluch-Cota, 2008: Contrasting spawning temperature optima: Why are anchovy and sardine regime shifts synchronous across the North Pacific? Prog. Oceanogr., 77, 225–232. http://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2008.03.008.

Figure 2-11b – Data from Kruse, G. H., F. C. Funk, H. J. Geiger, K. R. Mabry, H. M. Savikko, and S. M. Siddeek, 2000: Overview of state-managed marine fisheries in the central and western Gulf of Alaska, Aleutian Islands and southeastern Bering Sea, with reference Steller Sea Lions. Regional Information Report 5J00-10, 185 pp, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268016613_OVERVIEW_OF_STATE-MANAGED_MARINE_FISHERIES_IN_THE_CENTRAL_AND_WESTERN_GULF_OF_ALASKA_ALEUTIAN_ISLANDS_AND_SOUTHEASTERN_BERING_SEA_WITH_REFERENCE_TO_STELLER_SEA_LIONS.

Figure 2-12 – Adapted from U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2024: Oil and petroleum products explained: Offshore oil and natural gas. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/oil-and-petroleum-products/offshore-oil-and-gas-in-depth.php.

Figure 2-13a – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: OIl rigs in Galveston, Texas.

Figure 2-13b – Segar, D., and E. Stamman Segar, 1997: Oil rigs in Cooks Inlet, Alaska.

Figure 02-14a – Adapted from H.V. Thurman, 1994, Introductory Oceanography, 7th Edition, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York, NY;

Figure 2-14b – Adapted from U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2024: Oil and petroleum products explained: Offshore oil and natural gas. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/oil-and-petroleum-products/offshore-oil-and-gas-in-depth.php.

Figure 2-15a – Stevens, J., M. Carlowicz, and J. Bourgeois, 2015: From salt production to salt marsh. NASA Earth Observatory, accessed 6 June 2025, https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/87379/from-salt-production-to-salt-marsh.

Figure 02-15b – Photo by Kevin on Flickr as “A Mountain of Salt”, Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.0.

Figure 2-16a – Adapted from Changery, M. J., and R. G. Quayle, 1987: Global coastal wave energy resources. Sea Frontiers, 33, No 4, 260–261. National Climatic Data Center, U.S. Department of Energy, accessed 6 June 2025, https://digitalcollections.library.miami.edu/digital/collection/mar0054/id/18561.

Figure 2-16b – Adapted from Duxbury, A. C., and A. B. Duxbury, 1994: An introduction to the world's oceans, 4th Ed. Wm. C. Brown Publishers. 472 pp, https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/007111452.

Figure 2-16c – Adapted from Wirt, S. L., 1996: Scattering and absorption of waves by Author’s Island. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://www.dam-atoll-wave-energy.com/DamAtoll_Patent_Tech_Writing/LSWirtsOptimalDomeShapeMathPaper.pdf.

Figure 2-16d – MIT Media Library, 2006: Wave and tidal energy. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://learning.media.mit.edu/seed/wave%20energy.html.

Figure 2-16e – United States Department of Energy, 2005: OTEC in Hawaii. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OTEC_in_Hawaii.jpg.

AAPA: 2024: America’s ports are responsible for $2.89 trillion in economic activity and 21.8 million American jobs per impact study. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://www.aapa-ports.org/advocating/PRDetail.aspx?ItemNumber=23060.

CLIA, 2025: North America. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://cruising.org/cruise-market/north-america.

NOAA Fisheries, 2023: Atlantic striped bass populations. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/s3//2024-08/24-0090902-final-report-508-compliant.pdf.

UN FAO, 2025: The status of fisheries resources. Accessed 6 June 2025, https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/66538eba-9c85-4504-8438-c1cf0a0a3903/content/sofia/2024/status-of-fishery-resources.html.

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