19.8: Chapter Summary
- Page ID
- 21610
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)19.1: The Hazard of Buildings
- Earthquakes don't kill people--buildings do.
- An exploration of the role of building type in increasing danger from earthquakes, particularly with regard to "soft first story" buildings, which weaken the most important level for structure survival.
- The vulnerability of buildings is well understood, but this geologic information is usually ignored by planners.
19.2: The Hazard of Place
- There once was an earthquake in Nantucket, that shook all the big lobster buckets/ So very fierce was the shaking, with all the Yankees quaking/They said let's move out of here and %&*@ it. Just kidding--places such as Massachusetts do not experience many earthquakes.
- But California does. Every single day. Lots of them, and on occasion, catastrophically big quakes.
- California's place astride major tectonic plates guarantees that we have much more interesting seismic activity than, say, Kansas. But quakes don't fall randomly around the state and we can in fact predict the areas that will be much more susceptible than others. This section is an examination of how proximity to faults, especially hidden faults, changes potential damage from earthquakes.
19.3: Liquefaction and the Role of Soil Type
- An explanation of the phenomenon of liquefaction and how soil type influences the duration and degree of seismic movement.
- Liquefaction is a major hazard, but poorly understood.
- Much of the soil on which people have built in California is vulnerable to liquefaction.
19.4: What's Coming
- Portents and harbingers of doom for the state with the worst intersection of large populations and dangerous seismic hazards.
- Big quakes are inevitable.
- California's earthquake hazards should not be ignored--but often are.
19.5: Beyond the San Andreas - Earthquakes of the North Coast
- The San Andreas is bad--but something even worse lurks off the coast of Northern California, with the potential to devastate a wide swatch of North America.
- The 1700 quake was a catastrophic event.
- A repeat of the 1700 quake would cause tremendous damage to much of western North America.
19.6: Preparing for the Worst
- Is there anything you can do to prepare?
- The Red Cross has thoughts, but they didn't think it through very well, and much of the information is useless.
- This section explains what you really need to prepare for the coming shaking.
19.7: A State of Danger
- The seismic danger is probably worse than most people imagine.
- The good news is you can prepare for what's coming and that will make your experience somewhat better.
- If you decide to continue to live in California, you will be affected by the coming quake.