8.8: Detailed Figure Descriptions
- Page ID
- 27696
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Figure 8.1 Location of the Basin and Range Province of California
A physiographic map of California highlights the area that corresponds to the Basin and Range Geomorphic Province. The region is situated in eastern California, to the north of the Garlock Fault, and to the west of the Sierra Nevada Range. The regions' alternating basins and uplifted range extend into Nevada.
Figure 8.1.7 Excerpt from the Geologic Map of California with the Basin and Range Province highlighted
Excerpt from the Geologic Map of California with the Basin and Range Province highlighted. The simplified geological relationships in this region can be described as North-South trending exposures of uplifted basement rocks in the footwalls of North-South trending normal faults separated by elongate, narrow basins of non-marine sedimentary rocks. The rocks mapped in the elongate ranges include Precambrian rocks, Paleozoic sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, and Mesozoic igneous rocks. The ranges alternate with elongate basins filled with unlithified or weakly lithified units that include alluvial fans and seasonal (dry) lake beds. These basin sediments are Quaternary and Neogene non-marine units and surficial deposits which are found in the hanging-walls of the normal faults. Throughout this province, outcrops of younger (Late Cenozoic) volcanic rocks (cones, domes, flows and tuff) overlap and are cut by the normal faults.
Figure 8.2.2. Major features of continental rift zones
Normal faults form half-graben structures in the upper brittle crust, which is seismically active. Earthquakes may occur on the downward projection of the fault planes in the brittle crust. Lava flows and other volcanic materials are deposited in basins, along with river and lake sediments. These layers thicken toward the active fault scarps. Diverging arrows indicate tensional forces. On the surface of the Earth, normal fault footwalls form uplifted linear mountain ranges of older rocks, while hanging walls form down dropped valleys or basins that are filled with younger sediments and volcanic rocks. In some valleys, lakes form at low points in the valleys. Magma reaching the surface erupts from volcanoes and fissures that are scattered throughout the valleys.
Figure 8.5.3 Simplified map of the geology of the Long Valley caldera
This geologic map highlights the geological units, fault lines, and other significant geologic features in eastern California, primarily focused on Long Valley and Mono Basin. The region is bounded on the west by the Sierra Nevada Range, and on the east by the White Mountains. The Long Valley caldera is an oval depression that is approximately 30 x 15 km in dimension. The town of Mammoth Lakes is on the western rim of the Caldera, and Mammoth Mountain is on the southwestern rim.
The Sierra Nevada Fault trends north-northwest, and cuts through the western portion of the caldera. The White Mountain fault is to the east of the complex.
Different geological formations on this map include:
- Glass Mountain Rhyolite, which is found along the northeast border of the Long Valley caldera.
- Bishop tuff occurs in large deposits to the north and southeast of the caldera.
- Younger rhyolites and basalts occur in the western portion of the caldera and along it’s perimeter, toward Mammoth Lakes.
- The tocks of the Mono-Inyo craters occur in a chain that extends between the Long Valley Caldera and Mono Lake approximately 25 km to the north.
An inset map of the Bishop Tuff indicates that deposits can be found in most of the western US, including Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming, as well as portions of Nebraska, Kansas, Texas and the panhandle of Oklahoma, as well as a portion of southeast Idaho.