5.6: Review and Additional Resources
- Page ID
- 21696
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- Phase change
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Phase Changes of Water
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- Evaporation
- the phase change of a liquid to a gas
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- Transpiration
- the transfer of water into the air via leaf pores or stomata.
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- Humidity
- a measure of the water vapor content of the air.
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- Saturation
- "holding all the moisture it can"
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- Specific humidity
- the weight of water vapor in the air per unit weight of air, which includes the weight of water vapor.
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- Mixing ratio
- the weight of water vapor per unit weight of dry air.
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- Vapor pressure
- the partial pressure created by water vapor.
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- Saturation vapor pressure
- the pressure that water vapor creates when the air is fully saturated.
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- Relative humidity
- the ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air to its saturation point.
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- Condensation
- the phase change of water vapor into a liquid
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- Condensation nuclei
- act as a platform for condensation to take place, increasing the size of a droplet and decreasing surface tension.
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- Dew
- small droplets of water that form as a result of condensation.
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- Fog
- a cloud that forms near the ground
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- Radiation Fog
- forms during the evening under cloudless skies and with little to no wind
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- Steam Fog
- occurs when cool dry air settles over a warm, moist surface
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- Advection Fog
- forms when warm and moist air travels over a cool surface.
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- Upslope Fog
- forms when moist air if forced up a slope
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- Frontal Fog
- associated with weather fronts, especially a warm front.
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- Saturated Adiabatic rate
- If the air is saturated, the rate of temperature change is .6oC/100 meters.
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- Dry Adiabatic Rate
- If the air is dry, the rate of temperature change is 1oC/100 meters.
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- Stable air
- Stable atmospheric conditions prevail when the environmental lapse rate is less than the saturated adiabatic rate.
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- Unstable air
- Air is unstable when the environmental lapse rate is greater than the dry adiabatic rate.
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- Cirrus cloud
- appear as wispy thin veils or detached filaments composed mostly of ice.
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- Cirrostratus
- a transparent, whitish veil of cloud that usually covers much of the sky.
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- Altostratus
- formless layer of grayish cloud that cover most if not all the sky.
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- Stratus
- appear as a uniform dark-gray layer of clouds covering the entire sky.
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- Cumulus
- appear as small, cotton ball-like clouds that generally form by convection.
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- Nimbostratus
- dark-gray layer of clouds that cover the entire sky. The prefix "nimbo" indicates that these clouds are precipitating.
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- Cumulonimbus
- form during very unstable conditions.
Additional Resources
Use these resources to further explore the world of geography
A World of Change: El Niño, La Niña, and Rainfall (NASA Earth Observatory)
