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8.3: Questions

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    Question 1 An erosion agent is one that
    Transport magma
    Transport ices
    Transport waters
    Transport sediments

    Question 2 Which of the following are erosion agents?
    Magma
    Glaciers
    Running water
    Wind

    Question 3 Glaciers that have left observable landforms today are associated with which period of Earth's history?
    Quaternary
    Permian
    Cambrian
    Mississippian

    Question 4 For how long can percipitation at high latitudes be stores as ice before making its way to the ocean?
    Up to decades
    Up to hundreds of years
    Up to thousands of years
    Up to millions of years

    Question 5 Glaciers are considered as a part of
    Both the rock cycle and the hydrologic cycle
    The rock cycle only
    The hydrologic cycle only
    The carbon cycle

    Question 6 The historical ice sheet that advanced across North America in the last ice age is called
    Greenland ice sheet
    Antarctica ice sheet
    Laurentide ice sheet
    Wisconsinan ice sheet

    Question 7 Valley glaciers are most likely found at
    High latitude, high altitude
    Low latitude, low altitude
    High latitude, low altitude
    Low latitude, high altitude

    Question 8 What is a notable example of a region where valley glaciers are nowadays common?
    Coasts of Alaska
    Rocky Mountain regions
    Coasts of Australia
    Appalachian Mountains

    Question 9 What are the locations where continental ice sheets are found today?
    Alaska and Iceland
    Greenland and Antarctica
    Greenland and Iceland
    Antarctica and Arctic

    Question 10 Ice sheets are of
    Continental scale
    Mountain scale
    Valley scale
    Scale of the summit of a volcano

    Question 11 During which geologic period did continental ice sheets cover most of North America?
    Quaternary
    Cambrian
    Permian
    Jurassic

    Question 12 The accumulation of ice at the summit of a volcanic mountain is an example of
    Ice caps
    Valley glaciers
    Ice sheets
    Piedmont glaciers

    Question 13 How thick are continental ice sheets?
    Up to thousands of meters
    Up to tens of meters
    Up to meters
    Up to tens of thousands of meters

    Question 14 What happens when a valley glacier exists the valley?
    It advances forward
    It spreads out and settles
    It becomes a continental ice sheet
    It becomes an ice cap

    Question 15 Which is the glacier of the largest scale in comparison to others?
    Alpine glacier
    Valley glacier
    Continental ice sheet
    Ice cap

    Question 16 The mechanism by which glaciers move is called
    Plastic flow
    Liquidation
    Melting
    Fracturing

    Question 17 At what depth below the surface of a glacier does ice become soft or plastic?
    50 meters
    100 meters
    200 meters
    500 meters

    Question 18 Plastic flow in ice is the equivalent of
    Folding in rocks
    Faulting in rocks
    Dissolution in rocks
    Exfoliation in rocks

    Question 19 Above what depth is the zone of fracture (brittle zone) found in a glacier?
    50 meters
    100 meters
    200 meters
    500 meters

    Question 20 The cracks in the zone of fracture of a glacier is called
    Crevasses
    Faults
    Folds
    Displacements

    Question 21 Where was the famous 1948 measurement of valley glacier movement conducted?
    At Aletsch glacier
    At Jungfrau glacier
    At Northwestern glacier
    At Bering glacier

    Question 22 Which is the region where ice accumulates?
    Zone of accumulation
    Zone of melting (wastage)
    Zone of fracture
    Zone of continental divide

    Question 23 Where in a glacier does the ice melt?
    Zone of accumulation
    Zone of melting (wastage)
    Zone of fracture
    Zone of continental divide

    Question 24 The balance in the amount of ice in a glacier is called
    Glacial balance
    Glacial budget
    Glacial account
    Glacial equilibrium

    Question 25 Glacial retreat occurs when the margin of a valley glacier
    Moves in the direction of upstream
    Moves in the direction of downstream
    Remains unchanged over time
    Does not have a correspondence with the glacial margin

    Question 26 Glacial erosion refers to
    The removal of rock materials by glaciers
    The transport of water-borne materials by ice
    The melting of ice into liquid water
    The fracturing of rigid ice in the zoom of fracture

    Question 27 What are the most common evidence of glacial erosion?
    Rock debris released by melt water
    Crevasses in the zoom of fracture
    Horn of a mountain
    The change of the margin in the zoom of melting

    Question 28 Global warming is observable through the increased presence of
    Glacial retreat
    Glacial advancement
    Glacial remaining stationary
    Glacial equilibrium

    Question 29 Abrasion is glacial erosion by
    Scraping on rock surfaces
    Frost wedging on of rocks
    Breaking of rocks
    Impedence of flow

    Question 30 In what way is glacial erosion different from erosion by streams or wind?
    Removed rock debris does not settle out
    Fractures in ice stores rock debris
    Melting dissolves rock debris
    Removal of rock fragment occurs mostly in the zoom of fracture

    Question 31 What types of sediments may be contained in a glacier as a result of erosion?
    Silt, sand, gravel, boulder
    Silt, sand, gravel
    Silt, sand
    Silt

    Question 32 The rock fragments from glacial abrasion is called
    Rock flour
    Pigments
    Horn
    Exfoliation

    Question 33 Plucking is equivalent to the mechanical weathering process of
    Frost wedging
    Exfoliation
    Dissolving of minerals
    Deposition of minerals

    Question 34 What feature may be left on the basement rock by a moving glacier?
    Fractures
    Recrystallization
    Metamorphism
    Glacial polish

    Question 35 Features of scratches and long grooves on the surface of glaciated basement rock are called
    Glacial striations
    Glacial deposits
    Glacial moraines
    Glacial valleys

    Question 36 What factors affect the rate of glacial erosion?
    Speed of glacial movement
    Thickness of ice
    Rock type
    Volume of ice

    Question 37 How are valleys eroded by streams differ from valleys eroded by glaciers?
    Stream valleys are narrow and V-shaped; glacial valleys are wide and U-shaped
    Stream valleys are narrow and U-shaped; glacial valleys are wide and V-shaped
    Stream valleys are wide and V-shaped; glacial valleys are narrow and U-shaped
    Stream valleys are wide and U-shaped; glacial valleys are narrow and V-shaped

    Question 38 The sharp ridge between two glacial valleys is called
    Arête
    Hanging valley
    Cirque
    Horn

    Question 39 The bowl-shaped depression at the end of a glacial valley is called
    Cirque
    Bowl
    Dome
    End

    Question 40 What glacial erosion mechanism created the landform of a horn?
    Abrasion
    Plastic flow
    Melting
    Plucking

    Question 41 Plastic flow in ice at the bottom of a glacier is equivalent to
    Ductile deformation of rocks
    Breaking of rocks
    Elastic deformation of rocks
    Fracturing of rocks

    Question 42 The pyramod-shaped mountain peak shaped by glacial abrasion is called
    Horn
    Cirque
    Deformation
    Fracture

    Question 43 How are erosions by continental ice sheets different from or similar to erosions by valley glaciers?
    Ice sheets subdue landforms; valley glaciers sharpen landforms
    Ice sheets sharpen landforms; valley glaciers subdue landforms
    Ice sheets and valley glaciers both subdue landforms
    Ice sheets and valley glaciers both sharpen landforms

    Question 44 The difference in the amount of ice flows between the main valley and the side valleys results in the formation of
    Hanging valleys
    Horns
    Glacial troughs
    Cirques

    Question 45 The linear inlets of sea is called
    Fiords
    Hanging valleys
    Cirques
    Horns

    Question 46 Fiords formed as sea water submerged
    Glacial troughs
    Stream valleys
    Cirques
    Horns

    Question 47 Where are fiords found?
    Alaska's coasts
    Montana's Glacial National Park
    The Rocky Mountains
    The Grand Teton Mountains

    Question 48 The formation of Fiords is attributed to
    Rising sea levels after ice ages end
    Global temperature increases today
    Erosion by ice at the coastal regions
    Erosion by ice anywhere valley glaciers are present

    Question 49 Fiords are an evidence that
    Glaciers are able to erode beds deeper than the surface of the sea
    Rivers are able to erode beds deeper than the surface of the sea
    Both rivers and glaciers are able to erode beds deeper than the surface of the sea
    Neither rivers nor glaciers are able to erode beds deeper than the surface of the sea

    Question 50 Glacial drift represents the fact that deposits of glacial origin
    May come from a distant place
    Are always of local origin
    Are created by floods
    Are the result of dike formation

    Question 51 Unlike streams, glaciers does not
    Sort rock particles by size
    Transport rock particles
    Erode rocks
    Move

    Question 52 Deposits of stratified drift are
    Rock particles sorted by size
    Rock particles unsorted by size
    Glacier erratics
    Boulders of a uniform size

    Question 53 Stratified drift is sorted by
    Stream of meltwater of the glacier
    Ice of the glacier
    Wind
    Deformation of the crustal rock

    Question 54 Accumulation of stratified drift usually include
    Sand, gravel
    Silt, sand, gravel
    Sand, gravel, glacial erratic
    Silt, sand, gravel, glacial erratic

    Question 55 Moraines are
    Layers or ridges of glacier deposits
    Subdued mountains peaks
    Sharpened mountain peaks
    Carved valleys

    Question 56 What are the most common glacial deposition landforms?
    Moraines
    Outwash plains
    Kettles
    Kettle lakes

    Question 57 Rock debris removed from valley walls and accumulated as ridges at the bases of the walls are called
    Ground moraines
    Medial moraines
    End moraines
    Lateral moraines

    Question 58 When valleys join and glacial ice streams merge, lateral moraines also merge to become
    Lateral moraines
    End moraines
    Medial moraines
    Ground moraines

    Question 59 Ridges of sediments that accumulate at the terminus of glaciers are called
    Ground moraines
    Lateral moraines
    Medial moraines
    End moraines

    Question 60 As the glacial front recedes and ice melts, a layer of sediments is deposited from the dropped debris, called
    End moraines
    Lateral moraines
    Medial moraines
    Ground moraines

    Question 61 The last end moraine, marking the final margin of the glacial advance, is called
    Lateral moraine
    Recessional end moraine
    Ground moraine
    Terminal end moraine

    Question 62 End moraines that form during temporary climate stabilization during the overall glacial retreat are called
    Recessional end moraines
    Ground moraines
    Lateral moraines
    Terminal end moraines

    Question 63 A flat accumulation of stratified drift formed near the edges of end moraines is called
    Outwash plain
    Esker
    Kettle lake
    Recessional end moraine

    Question 64 Asymmetrical, elongated hills of till with the gentle side aligned with the direction of glacial advance are called
    Kames
    Lateral moraines
    Drumlins
    End moraines

    Question 65 Twisting-shaped ridges of till deposits from streams in channeled flows beneath the ice are called
    Drumlins
    End moraines
    Eskers
    Kames

    Question 66 Round-shaped, steep-sided hills associated with the retreat of ice sheets are called
    End moraines
    Kames
    Eskers
    Drumlins

    Question 67 Lakes that formed during glacial retreat when meltwater was trapped between the glacial fronts and the sloped land barriers are called
    Glacial lakes
    Pluvial lakes
    Great Lakes
    Proglacial lakes

    Question 68 The largest proglacial lake in North America during the retreat from the last glacial maximum was
    Lake Superior
    Lake Bonneville
    Lake Michigan
    Lake Agassiz

    Question 69 Which of the following is the largest pluvial lake in North America during the last ice age?
    Lake Michigan
    Lake Bonneville
    Lake Superior
    Lake Agassiz

    Question 70 Lakes that formed during the ice ages due to lower evaporation rates are called
    Proglacial lakes
    Pluvial lakes
    The Great Lakes
    Alluvial lakes

    8.3: Questions is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.

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